“1/7 The Armenia-Azerbaijan agreement on border demarcation commissions is now public. This is the first significant bilateral document between the two countries in over 30 years of conflict. Here are some of my observations:” – regional expert Olesya Vartanyan [continued in the comments]

>2/7 The document reflects a clear attempt for compromise: it references the 1991 Alma-Ata declaration, – which Armenia pushed for, – while also considering various documents, maps, and materials for demarcation work, – a key demand from Baku.

>3/7 For a long time, a major issue has been the lack of access to Soviet-era maps, which are held in Russia’s secret archives. Foreigners need special permission to view them, and the maps cannot be taken outside Russia.

>4/7 The current agreement lacks clarity on key issues, like the status of enclaves within each other’s territories and the Azerbaijani military presence in Armenia since the 2020 war, which leaves Armenia feeling particularly vulnerable.

>5/7 A positive aspect of the document is its focus on considering the needs of people living along the border during demarcation. This was a major concern for those I spoke with over the summer. (Google translate screenshot).

>6/7 In areas like Tavush, where stability has enabled rebuilding and farming, there’s concern that demarcation could disrupt this fragile balance. Prioritising the well-being of border residents is crucial for maintaining stability and fostering reconciliation.

>7/7 Implementation is crucial, and border disputes will remain. But this agreement is a step forward, offering hope for more peace and stability. (This clip is from Berkaber village, where border residents now swim in the evening despite nearby military positions.)
https://x.com/Olesya_vArt/status/1830900163390460124

The full text of the agreement can be accessed here in Armenian https://hetq.am/static/files/639309973e9755fda4bbdd84dd08b8cfa55305fc7d5f6fd4fbc18184c008bcc8%20%281%29.pdf