I was under the impression nothing could escape a black hole's pull. Is this due to the compression of things in the outside the event horizon?
Edit: Fixed link. On mobile, sorry for formatting
How does something like this escape a black hole?
byu/Dr-Quinn33 inspace
11 Comments
They don’t.
You’re either misreading the article, or it’s absolutely horribly written. Hard to tell.
Nothing can escape a black hole *once it falls past the event horizon*.
Stable orbits can and do exist around black holes. Black holes can swallow stuff that falls inward instead of being in a stable orbit. They can also fling things around that aren’t in a stable orbit, like that matter in those plasma jets. The incredibly strong gravity well and magnetic field around a black hole can act as a slingshot rather than a vacuum cleaner in the right circumstances.
Specifically, nothing can escape from beyond the event horizon. As long as it’s not beyond that, stuff can escape, and it does all the time. When black hole is consuming matter, it consumes matter the fastest in the equator, and because of the super strong pull power, a lot of matter gets pressed toward the poles, where it gets massively compressed and heated up, and the pressure shoots out extremely high energy particles and matter on both poles, creating those jets. So those jets, and the glow of the black hole is happening around the event horizon, nothing actually shoots up from the black hole itself.
>Answer: The matter that we observe as jets emanating from a black hole are not actually coming from the black hole itself. The jets are composed of matter which is escaping from the accretion disk which surrounds the black hole. Although the mechanism by which the jets are produced is not completely understood, the process likely involves the acceleration of matter near the poles of the black hole and an interaction with the tangled magnetic field in the region near the poles of the accretion disk. The material in the jets is measured to be travelling at less than the speed of light.
When the article says that the jets are coming out of a black hole, that’s been simplified into colloquial terms. Probably oversimplifed. The jets aren’t coming out from inside the event horizon, but from matter near the event horizon. “Near” is relative because the innermost stable circular orbit for a black hole is three times the radius of the event horizon.
It’s mostly because there is no possible direction that will lead out of the black hole. All possible paths lead towards the singularity, which is an inevitable future point in time.
These jets don’t escape the black hole. The black hole spits them out, lol.
Basically, as the gas spins around it gets faster and faster until its pressure builds so high that it explodes outwards.
This is a theory and we have no clue what happens inside or how black holes really work.
As everyone else is saying, the jets are not being emitted from inside the black hole, it is matter from the accretion disc being funneled towards the poles and ejected via magnetic forces. A more interesting thing that actually functions as mass/energy escaping a black hole is the cause of hawking radiation. Imagine the open void of space as a bubbling pot of water. Virtual particles pop into and out of existence, like bubbles in the boiling water, a positive and negative energy pair. This happens throughout all of space, constantly, over spans of time so brief they can barely be said to have even occurred. When it happens directly on the event horizon, one of the particles can get trapped and sucked in, while the other escapes. For reasons beyond my understanding it seems as though it’s more likely that the negative particle gets trapped while the positive particle escapes and generates hawking radiation. This happens slower with larger black holes because of their increased size there is a smaller window for that particle to escape rather then get pulled in and cancel out it’s pair. But smaller black holes will allow this to happen exponentially faster until the black hole shines brightly with hawking radiation and eventually explodes. If we could manage to create small black holes in the mass range of mega-gigatons, and manage to feed them matter into an event horizon smaller than a proton, they could actually become the most efficient possible energy generators in the universe turning any matter into 100% pure energy
Black hole is bad cookie eater
It throws more stuff out.
These are from the event horizon. The actual singularity doesn’t allow things out, because it is perfectly warped space, so there’s no out or in. Think of these as what happens when you tie a stone to a string and swing it around, then the string breaks.